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[Open PDF on your computer. Should pop up on bottom or top of your screen. depending on your settings.]
"Geothermal Is Trending. Find Out Why. The Earth Has Power. Let's switch it on." [Virtual seminar #2] = Baseload Capital (2021)
"The ultimate purpose for Energy to take shape and form is for It to one day transform Itself anew."
- Subira Folami
THE LIMITLESS ENERGY:
BECAUSE WE IMMEDIATELY GIVE BACK ENERGY ~ TO PLANET EARTH
"The Electric Company" - PBS (1971)
PLANET~EARTH~~~~~~~~~~~~GEOTHERMAL~~~~~~~~~~Street~~~Sidewalk~~~Home~~~Library~~~Business~~~~~~~~~~GEOTHERMAL~~~~~~~~~~PLANET~EARTH
Geothermal is harnessed day and night, in the heat and in cold - using the steady, approximately 50 Degrees Fahrenheit, just
under Planet Earth's crust. Geothermal makes heat for winters, cooling for summers (modern times called, "air conditioning"),
and electricity. As heat rises from the earth, the steam heat travels through usually flexible pipes directed
to pipes under floors, called "Radiant Heat" the most economical, sustainable, and efficient heating system. Radiator fin
and coil systems are fully compatible for geothermal energy. Geothermal systems use geothermal specific heat pumps, internally
installed and kept. As steam heat makes its way, cool air is channeled back to the earth, hence, "loop system." For cooling
it is the reverse, as 50 Degrees Fahrenheit is quite cool. Geothermal is natural, a way Planet Earth cools itself down, stemming
from geysers the Earth creates, like in Idaho. Geothermal can also be derived from drilling into the Earth's surface - vertical
looped, or horizontal looped. Rather than drilling, geothermal can be retrieved by using bodies of water like ponds and lakes.
Geothermal energy can be moved through cisterns that lead to pipes of buildings of all kinds, personally heating all floors
in autumns and winters, and coiling all rooms via ceilings in springs and summers. Potential energy capture is simple; as
in a loop system, the energy can be used right away to continue fueling the looped course.
With financially supporting the research to make geothermal energy the constant resource, there is no reason why geothermal
cannot be adapted to blend with waterways: hydropower keeping low-enthalpy geothermal going. Using the waves of rivers, bays,
and oceans to create energy to make geothermal the prestigious and permanent energy for the world. We simply must do this
carefully and correctly. Not one creature must suffer or go extinct.
Below Dixie Toad education, is an evolution education of Geothermal. Rather than take away when new information is found
superior to others, I have left intact so that all is seen and comprehended. Geothermal today are businesses and people who
residentially can afford it do geothermal installation systems. It is beyond time, and we are blessed to have Western and
Eastern Shore have hydrothermal-geothermal capabilities to have plan for Baltimore City and Maryland to become Energy Independent
and Producer Seller. Maryland now must explore, plan, invest, and build Low-Enthalpy Geothermal and Hydrothermal-Geothermal.
The higher the water level, the more difficult it will be. Energy for all is possible!
The Dixie Valley Toads
| DIXIE VALLEY TOAD ~ ENDANGERED SPECIES IN NEVADA |
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| CHURCHILL COUNTY IS ANAXYRUX WILLIAMSI' ONLY HOME Photographer: Gary Nafis |
"'It is clear from the Act’s legislative history,' the 1978 ruling said, 'That Congress intended to halt and reverse
the trend toward species extinction — whatever the cost.'"
"Dixie Valley Toad Receives Final Endangered Species Protections: Rare Nevada Amphibian Threatened With Extinction by Geothermal
Project" - Center for Biological Diversity (December 1st, 2022)
"Building Maps To Help Geothermal Energy and Greater Sage Grouse Coexist in Nevada's Sagebrush Country" - USGS (2023)
SEEK: The Greater Sage Grouse
ACCORDING TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY: GEOTHERMAL HAS LITTLE TO NO CARBON EMISSIONS
"For state-level geothermal emissions, the total national-level geothermal emissions were taken from the national
Inventory, and they were allocated across states based on the amount of geothermal energy consumed byeach state from the SEDS
data. All geothermal emissions were assumed to be in the electricity sector. ...
Given its small contribution to the overall FFC portion of the national Inventory (0.009% in 2020), an
uncertainty analysis was not performed for CO2 emissions from geothermal production."
Steam Heat! This page is in process of organization. [When too much content on one page, new pages need to be created.]
| ORGANIZATION OF INFORMATIONLINKS STILL IN PROGRESS |
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| PLEASE VIEW WHAT IS AVAILABLE ~ COMING SOON |
ATMOSPHERIC & GEOTHERMAL ELECTRICITY
Twenty-Five Years of New Discoveries in Atmospheric and Space Electricity" - D. D. Sentman, University of Alaska, Fairbanks
(2010)
"Ocean Mechanical Thermal Energy Conversion" - Just Have a Think (2019)
"Multiple Benefits Of Ocean Tunnels" - Artic News (2015)
"Currents outside the canyon walls quickly dilute and dissipate sediment moving out of the canyon. Submarine canyons
can act as conduits of sediment to the deep ocean not only by channeling turbidity currents, but also by focusing internal
tides that resuspend sediment, after which it is adverted to deeper water."
GEOTHERMAL
| GEOTHERMAL ~ DIRECT USES |
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| Energy Sector Management Assistance Program ~ THE WORLD BANK |
| DIRECT UTILIZATION OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY |
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| GEOTHERMAL EXAMPLE CASCADING DIRECT HEAT & POWER COMBINED |
"Energy Basics: Geothermal"- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
"Why don't we all just use Geothermal Energy?" - Just Have a Think
"Geothermal Heating and Cooling Technologies" - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
"Geothermal Energy is Renewable and Powerful. Why is Most of it Untapped?" - DW Planet A (2021)
"When warming a building, geothermal heat pumps rely on a system of pipes, pumps, and glycol/water solutions to extract heat
from the ground, lakes, and ponds. When in air conditioning mode, the pumps reverse the flow to discharge heat. These
pumps do not have outdoor coils or components that can be damaged, thereby also saving on maintenance costs. In fact,
geothermal heat pumps have the lowest life cycle costs for space heating, water
heating, AND air conditioning."
Lake using Geothermal - Mollusks Love! - Scuba Repair - GeoSolutions Ontario (2011)
"Through its RE-Powering America’s Land Initiative, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) encourages renewable
energy development on current and formerly contaminated lands, landfills, and mine sites when aligned with the community’s
vision for the site. Building on an existing tool, the RE-Powering Initiative expanded screening to more than 80,000 EPA-
and state-tracked sites, comprising over 43 million acres. Using screening criteria developed in collaboration with the U.S.
Department of Energy’s (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), each site was screened for the potential to
develop solar, wind, biomass and geothermal facilities at various scales."
"The Class V Underground Injection Control Study Volume 18: Geothermal Direct Heat Return Flow Wells - Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) (1999)
Yes. Wells can be used for Geothermal. Geothermal direct heat return flow wells have the least, or no regulations
varying state by state. Yes. If well is big enough, the well can be used for drinking water and Geothermal Direct
Heat Return Flow. Regulations especially regarding injections....
"Use of Low-Enthalpy and Waste Geothermal Energy Sources to Solve Arsenic Problems in Freshwater Production in Selected Regions
of Latin America Using a Process Membrane Distillation - Research Into Model Solutions" - Science of the Total Environment
(2020)
BP and Chevron supported. [Clearly they know they need to shift away from oil.]
"Eavor Technologies - The First Scalable Form of Clean Baseload Power" - Disruptive Investing (2022)
"Geothermal Energy is Poised for a Big Breakout: An Engineering Problem That, When Solved, Solves Energy." - Vox (2020)
"A Visual Crash Course on Geothermal Energy" - Visual Capitalist (2022)
Water Batteries - U.S. Department of Energy
"Geothermal HVAC System with Acclamation Tank" - Plumbing & Mechanical Engineering
Tech Topic: Create the perfect commercial geothermal HVAC system You can create the perfect commercial geothermal HVAC system
Plumbing & Mechanical Engineering Richard Soper
"End-of-Year Budget and Covid Relief Package Includes Tax Benefits for Geothermal Heat Pumps" - The Geothermal Exchange Organization
"The bill also requires that a quarter of the new geothermal carve-out be dedicated to projects that serve low-and-moderate-income
populations throughout the state, which includes multi-family buildings, schools, and hospitals in low-income areas."
- Maryland Matters
Planned alternative is HFOs (hydrofluoroolefins), which have little greenhouse impact. However, one of the degradants produced
by the breakdown of HFOs is toxic to plants, and remains in soils and water for long periods of time.
"The global number of megacities is projected to increase from 33 to 43 by 2030. Megacities are critical for the world’s
economy; however, their resource management is particularly challenging. The increase of energy demand, in parallel to population
growth and climate change, requires urgent investment in sustainable energies. We examine the megacities of Bogotá, Los Angeles,
and Jakarta and reveal that the potential geothermal resource base is enough to cover the residential electricity demand by
1.14, 4.25, 1.84 times, respectively. Geothermal energy, a clean base-load resource independent from weather conditions, could
significantly contribute to energy needs, improved air quality, and the decarbonization of the world’s megacities. We
conclude that it is critical that governments and public are educated about the benefits of geothermal. Moreover, those energy
policies coupled with investment in research and development are needed to ensure geothermal is successfully integrated into
the future energy mix. ....
Urban centres account for 67–76% of global final energy consumption, of which an estimated 71–76% is fossil fuel
derived4. By 2050 the energy growth for heating and cooling of buildings could increase between 7 and 40% based on 2010 statistics5.
The Urban Heat Island (UHI), effects within mega-urban cities6 will magnify the issues associated with global warming7. Importantly,
megacities today generate about 20% of the world's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Megacities worldwide face six common challenges:
transportation, electricity, water, waste, sanitation, and security. ....
While renewable energies like wind and solar are considered potential suppliers for megacities and are highly cost-effective
sources for electricity, they are also related to some technical problems. For instance, wind turbines can be noisy, occasionally
impact the physical environment, are aesthetically an eyesore, and are weather dependent. Solar panels, unless installed on
the roof of buildings, require considerable space. Solar panel parks not only require re-purposing of land and potential destruction
of forests, but they can also change the surrounding soil’s temperature with consequences in some ecosystems.
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| GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM BELOW PARK: HEATING & COOLING |
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| PLANNING SUSTAINABILITY& PROJECT MANAGEMENT - UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS |
McGuiness Hills Complex is a compact-sized geothermal plant in Lander County, Nevada. This size of plant, using low enthalpy
geothermal (using lay of the land - no drilling/fracking into core) could work where the, "Highway to Nowhere" is.
It will not only provide electricity for all needs, but make electricity at the very same time. On top, surrounding
the fans, envision short bladeless wind turbines surrounded by beautiful sculptures and artwork. No one will know it is the
energy motor of Baltimore.
Depending on the amount of energy generated, it can be sold to surrounding counties in the form of electricity. Having Baltimore
City have its own power company again, but now completely self-sufficient, even will offer its citizens receive, "Geothermal-Wealth
Payment Check" depending on earnings.
What is & How does a Gyroscope Work? - "Beakman's World"
"How Does the Power Grid Work?" - Practical Engineering
"How Electricity Generation Really Works" - Practical Engineering
Various Installation Choices
Residential and Commercial Use - How It Works and Is Installed
| HOME RADIANT HYDRONIC FLOOR HEATING |
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| GEOTHERMAL HOUSE (Single Use Vertical Loop) - Presenter Media |
"Warm Water Underfloor Heating": The Ultimate Guide
"How to Install Radiant Heat Ceilings" - "This Old House"
"How a Geothermal Heat Pump Works" - "This Old House"
"How to Install DIY Radiant Floor Heating" - "This Old House"
"Installing Radiant Heat Between Joists. Retrofit Radiant Heat Into Your Home or for New Construction"
"Earthmother Multi-function Panel for Dry Floor Heating"
"One of the Fastest Floor Heating Installation System" - Multiple Rooms
"Introduction to Ecowarm Radiant Heating"
"Suspended Underfloor Heating" - TorFloor - OMNIE
"GEOTHERMAL" ARTICLES - Energy News Network
By Baltimore choosing hydronic geothermal energy to: heat, cool, and create electricity, make gyroscope-type wind turbines,
and cisterns and tanks for the geothermal city-wide system (yes - industry - jobs, tax-cutter, prosperity...), Baltimore will
have a glorious future. Less than this continues slow miserable death through smoke and fog = "smog", especially
for children.
For Baltimore, the answer may be ~ Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Energy
"Low-enthalpy geothermal energy can be generated from groundwater in gravels infilling buried valleys formed during the Pleistocene
glaciation, when the sea level was significantly lower than at present. Where buried valleys underlie floodplains of present-day
rivers, flowing through major cities, a ‘heat island’ effect can generate slightly enhanced temperatures
in shallow groundwater. This groundwater can be utilized for space heating buildings by passing it through a heat pump,
and the chilled water then used as a heat exchanger to satisfy cooling requirements of the building. .... A cooling
resource of 336 kW is also available. Potentially, this geothermal resource could be utilized without the ‘heat
island’ effect. Cost of the development is minimal and long-term economic benefits are significant."
Yes, this technology has been around for a long, long time.
Dr. Emma Chambers, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies Presents Her Work, 'Low Enthalpy Geothermal Energy in Ireland and
the DIG Project'." - SPIN-ITN (2022)
Low Enthalpy Geothermal Scolarly Articles
"Low-Enthalpy Capture Could Ultimately be Transformative for the Geothermal-Energy Industry." - Renewable Energy World - Clarion
Energy (2005)
UP AND RUNNING 2017 Low-Enthalpy Geothermal $1.6-Billion Sarulla Project
"Geotermia · Bodegas Regalía de Ollauri" - Wine Industry in Spain uses Geothermal
"Low temperature geothermal energy" - GRETA - EU & Alpine Space
"The economic performance of a geothermal project is obviously linked to the quality of its resource, but it is also
in large, linked to the planning and the running of the surface equipment. The best solution is only achieved
through optimization, not only at the planning stage, but also during exploitation."
"Low Enthalpy Geothermal Energy Exploration and Development in Switzerland" - Office of Scientific and Technical Information
- U.S. Department of Energy
International Geothermal Association
Benefits of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems
The biggest benefit of geothermal heat pumps are that they use 25% to 50% less electricity than conventional heating or cooling
systems. This translates into a geothermal heat pump using one unit of electricity to move three units of heat from the earth.
According to the EPA, geothermal heat pumps can reduce energy consumption -- and corresponding emissions -- up to 44% compared
with air-source heat pumps and up to 72% compared with electric resistance heating with standard air-conditioning equipment.
Geothermal heat pumps also improve humidity control by maintaining about 50% relative indoor humidity, making geothermal heat
pumps very effective in humid areas.
Geothermal heat pump systems allow for design flexibility and can be installed in both new and retrofit situations. In
addition, the hardware may require less space than a conventional HVAC system, thus possibly freeing up space for other uses.
Geothermal heat pump systems also provide excellent "zone" space conditioning, allowing different parts of your
home to be heated or cooled to different temperatures.
The underground piping associated with geothermal heat systems often carry warranties of 25 to 50 years, and the heat
pumps often last 20 years or more. In addition, the components in the living space are easily accessible, which increases
the convenience factor and helps ensure that the upkeep is done on a timely basis.
Geothermal heat pumps have no outside condensing units like air conditioners, so there's no concern about noise outside
the home. A two-speed geothermal heat system is so quiet inside a house that users usually do not know it is operating. -
U.S. Department of Energy
"Having the USGS, the U.S. Geological Survey, involved in helping us do really granular resource mapping, so we can see
on the very small scale, where are the hottest spots? Where are we going to find the best heat sources?"
Europe is Becoming Self-Sufficient Through Sharing Energy: "Europe is Building a Massive Undersea Power Network" - Tomorrow's
Build
| ORGANIZATION OF INFORMATIONLINKS STILL IN PROGRESS |
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| PLEASE VIEW WHAT IS AVAILABLE ~ COMING SOON |
Various Geothermal Systems
"The Minewater Project 2.0 2010" - Coal Mine Tunnels Used for Geothermal Energy - Heerlen, Netherlands,
MIJNWATER - The Netherlands: Converting Mine Passages into Geothermal Use - Eliminating need for Gas in present and new homes
due to population growth
"Deep Geothermal at EDEN PROJECT" - Cornwall, England - Fully Charged
Geothermal Will Change Our World... ForEavor" Eavor
"Drilling into the geothermal future: the Landmark Success of the First Deep Deviated Well" - Forge Utah - Milford, Utah (2021)
"A Geothermal Teacher Guide for Grades 9-12" - United States of America Department of Energy
International Ground Source Heat Pump Association (IGSHPA): Training
Deep Earth Energy Production Well 1, Torquay, Saskatchewan
"Geothermal Discovery Could Launch Green Revolution for Energy Industry" - CBC News: The National (2020)
"Eversource Gas President Announces Geothermal Pilot Projects" - "We think it {Geothermal} has a lot of merit and worth"
Massachusetts' 2008 Global Warming Solutions Act requires emissions from burning fossil fuels, like natural gas, be cut by
80% economy-wide by 2050. A "natural" gas company, Eversource, is shifting its operations to geothermal, as the
"Global Warming Solutions Act" would otherwise put them essentially out of business. Gas is out of kilter with
how we must live.
"Global Warming Solutions Act" - Massachusetts (2008)
ENERGY 101
| Hydrothermal Geothermal Resources - NRAL |
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| National Renewable Energy Laboratory: U.S.Department of Energy-Office of Energy Efficiency&Renewable |
| WEST VIRGINIA & WESTERN MARYLAND GEOTHERMAL ENERGY |
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| EASTERN U.S.A. TEMPERATURES BELOW - 31170 FEET = 9.5 KILOMETER DEPTH |
| BALTIMORE AND MARYLAND GEOTHERMAL ENERGY |
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| GEOTHERMAL ENERGY REPORT - ABELL FOUNDATION (2020) |
GO TO HYDROTHERMAL ~ GEOTHERMAL!
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